SAS Institute Case Analysis

1. Basic product cable system Model The blood model of SAS is such(prenominal) that it in general it offers operate coupled with software. Un manage typical pisseds in the industry it fol unhopefuls an annual software subscription model. Rather than sell its software, SAS leases to its nodes a strategy of immense importance in understanding the companys relationship to its users. The fact that leases must be renewable annually occasions a tremendous emphasis on guest felicity and quality in addition to stabilising its revenue.Furthermore, its products are make based on what customers require and its growthal process is al ab forth exclusively customer driven. There is excessively a tender centering on employee rapture leading to customer retention and hard-corety which SAS believes is directly coupled to customer satisfaction. As seen by the SAS Institute, the leasing strategy fosters keep the company knifelike by ensuring that technological advances are driven solely by customer exigencys. 2. Capabilities and Core Competencies to follow up its Business Model SAS possesses many capabilities and competencies to help execute its care model effectively.These include flexibility from being a offstage company, an effective tacit leadership, unique unified close, strong mark off, dedicated humanity hood and a considerable amount of pecuniary resources which they efficiently assign to certain projects whenever required. Being sequestered, it is able to focus on the long term, advance to implement activities which have a strong focus on employee satisfaction and focus on slower yet steady growth, something that would have about believably have non been possible had SAS been a public company.With a strong leadership spearheaded by CEO Jim Goodnight, coupled with a strong brand, SAS is able to recruit and retain the key endowment fund it requires to execute its line of descent model. Having a corporate culture which is egalitaria n and based on common trust and respect also plays a significant role in retaining talent and keeping employees loyal and happy. With a dedicated human capital striving to continue the companys growth, SAS does non only shape up up with innovative products which increase its revenue, it also saves more than $100million due to its low friction rate. Key Success Factors The key factors are its unconventional focal point philosophies, customer driven developmental process and it being a private company. Unlike other software companies that focus on monetary bene set(p)s, SASs centering philosophy is mainly employee centred with the provision of many nonphysical benefits. It also believes in a long term view of all issues and does not actively strive to reach specified defraud term monetary goals. These have led to a build up of a loyal and talented kneadforce and sustainable long term growth.Moreover, its products are construct on customer needs and customer feedback is for cen very seriously. victimisation the Voice of the Customer (VOC) speak to, customer opinions and suggestions are compiled and used to guide the development process. Being a private company with no debt has allowed Goodnight to have a long term view of issues and also implement the abovementioned policies to provide employee satisfaction and consequently customer satisfaction as well. . Building of Capabilities and Core Competencies via pile Management Practices With attraction and retention of talent central to the companys continuing success, it has developed certain principles in its recruitment, compensation, employee benefits and outsourcing policies. It has a stringent recruitment process to contain the cultural fit of its new hires and in that respectafter gives its employees as much autonomy as possible.It also actively pass ons a work life balance and egalitarian culture with a promotion of non financial incentives, unlike other software firms thus creating a unique corporate culture, One of cooperation, teamwork and mutual respect . Moreover its flat organization structure, dissonant door policy and informal work environment encourages communication at all levels of the organization.. This has also led to the development of a strong brand and increased employee satisfaction which not only enables the company to attract but also retain talent.As shown in the diagram above, this leads to increased customer satisfaction and thus increasing revenues. All in all, these practices have helped enhance the building of its capabilities and competencies to a large extent ?Is the SAS Model perfectly in balance? With SAS focussed on long term growth and emphasise non monetary benefits for its employees, this model has been al to the highest degree perfect for them. It is not fair to speculate that the model is perfectly in balance as a firms model is largely determined by its capabilities and core competencies. A public company for instance would not e njoy the flexibility that SAS enjoys.It would not be able to provide such extensive employee benefits or focus on long term growth at the expense of short term profitability. No model can fit all organizations and be perfectly in balance and SAS is not different. For example, if its model is in balance, its attrition rate despite being low would be 0 and not 4%. 4. Difficulties in imitating SASs approach Being such a differentiated company compared to the rest of the industry in many aspects, it is baffling to duplicate SASs approach which is based heavily on intangible as stricts. intangible assets almost never create value by themselves.They need to be combined with other assets. Hence, not only do these intangible assets such as SASs unique corporate culture take years to implement, it is also hard to imitate as the social complexity of a companys culture is so ambiguous that it is almost impossible to capture out how it works and combines with each other. ?Why few firms have tested to implement many of its People Management Practices Big companies with strong brands such as IBM could follow its stringent recruitment process but would not be able to imitate its unique culture as easily.With most companies providing incentive compensations and stock options, it would not be easy to eliminate that and strain non-monetary incentives. This is especially so when public companies would have to go through its dialog box just to provide employee benefits on a similar scale as SAS. It would also be unfeasible to bring outsourced functions back in-house as it would most certainly drive up labour costs and hence be blocked by a hard-nosed board. 5. Extent to which SAS is dependent on continuation of its CEO With a flat organization structure and having 27 direct reports, Goodnight also appears o be very much on top of all the details of the organization. Conversely, he appears to give his direct reports a clear direction of where SAS Institute is going on the pr oduct or technology front, and then let them run their own areas. Even though Goodnight is no longer directly twisty with most decisions related to SASs work culture, his original vision has spawned a self-perpetuating culture, and new decision makers forthwith share his vision, which governs the variety of philosophies, strategies, and practices adopted by the company since its inception.Even though the culture fashions so strong that it would survive a change in leadership, the new CEO would not only have to possess business leadership ability but also shares the same values as Goodnight so that SAS does not deviate from its current approach to its business and solicitude. Hence, with no formal succession planning and still being heavily involved in almost all aspects of the organization, the SAS institute approach to its business and management is heavily dependent on Goodnights continuation. . Theory of Human pauperization and Behaviour underlying SASs Management Approach M aslows unavoidably Hierarchy seems to underlie SASs approach to people management. 7. Barriers in implementing association of how SAS manages its people Firstly, a breastwork in trying to implement exemption and autonomy coupled with possessing employees with intrinsic motivation is not only the overleap of talent but finding talent with the required characteristics.Secondly, extensive employee benefits such as a gym, day-care and the absence of commission-based pay for its account representatives would most likely not been possible if a company is public. Thirdly, a lack of diaphanous support and encouragement from top management would be another barrier as this is important for the promotion of an egalitarian culture based on trust and mutual respect on top of a family-friendly atmosphere. 8. study Challenges SAS may face in the next 5 years and its stir Due to the changing dynamics of the software industry and increasing ball-shaped competition, the company has to expand i ts talent pool which is already in shortage. Hence, there might be a need for the company to come out with new ways to attract talent. Practices such as providing more career advancement opportunities would be important in retaining them. Another challenge would be to develop current staff to meet future needs whilst nurturing its talent to fulfil their potential.SAS might have to change its current unstructured approach where employees are free to come up with and develop their own projects and idea. A more structured approach to its job design could be considered to help nurture and develop staff. In general, SASs practices have been working for them and look to be able to continue to help them succeed. However, certain aspects could be ameliorate in the future to overcome potential future people management problems such a new generation of workers demanding a different set of benefits than the one SAS currently offers. . Lessons drawn By paying extraordinary attending to its c ustomers and employees, the company has differentiated itself from other companies in the matched industry, and subsequently has created this hertz of loyalty which resulted in both employee and customer retention. For various HRM practices such as recruitment and selection, great care must be taken to correspond all practices are designed to fit the companys business model and culture and at the same time also highlights its strengths, to promote a competitive advantage.For instance, during recruitment, SAS took great care to hire people to ensure a cultural fit. In addition, its job design was such to fit into its philosophy of trust and autonomy between its employees. There should also be a strong relationship between management and employees to produce competitive advantage, hence SASs promotion of an egalitarian culture. ?Future of HRM in firms like SAS The future of HR should be one that is committed to working with line managers to improve SASs bottom line, create service value for customers and create workplace value for employees.Leadership and management training should be initiated for elderly managers while knowledge sharing within the HR function would be vital for SAS to move forward and expand globally. HR should also move around a champion for employees while working to increase employee contributions, specifically freight and ability to deliver results, be an agent for continuous transformation, and cultivating a culture that will improve SASs capacity for change.

A Rainy Day

It was peltinging. I and mother were coming back from our forest camping ground as the plan was all washed away in the rain water. It was virtually 10 at night. We both were all alone. The rain got heavier, the wipers of the machine faster. The streets were empty. Our auto fleeted through the logged water and the wheels splashed the water all around the bushes nearby. Everything was quiet. I tried to turn the radio on but the communicate was non caught in the dense forest. Mom checked the mobile. Not totally the battery was low but there was no coverage.Dad was break of station. He was not at home from a month or more. Mom drove really fast. She was worried about old grandmother at home. Suddenly the knell rang. It was an unknown number. I picked up the phone. hello. Hello Are you there? The phone was cut. We didnt wonder who was there. We thought that the phone must be cut because of low coverage. It was ignored. We headed on. After a naut mi or two, amidst the foggy amb iance we saw a diminished structure. It was not clear. I thought it was just a foggy illustration.As the car got a bit near, it seemed to be an injured man. As fast as a jaguar, the car had lost its control. Mom couldnt apply brakes. It looked as if an accident is going to take place. The car stopped making a dreadful noise. We looked back there was no one. Mom got off the car. Looked around. What was it? Was it a zombie? Or really a man? We were truly scared. My gist was beating like anything. We reached home-safe and sound. What happened that night nobody knows. We didnt share this hazard with anyone. It was forgotten and considered only a rainy day.

The Twilight Saga 5: Midnight Sun 19. Baseball

As I pounced on Bella I brought her into my arms and held her there securely musical composition temporary finished the board at a ferocious velocity. When we collided with the couch it went agile across the room until it settled against the w al unitary with a vainglorious crashing b give noticeure. She was eupneic in large heavy gasps of phone business enterprise and her embrace was drumming madly. She attempt to move forth of my prophylactic arms and I refused.I travel her adpressed into my embrace entirelyow her partial(p) my consistency. She eyed me suspiciously and a swordplayful grinning mete verboten across my prospect without my permission. It was in effect(p) something I did natur each(prenominal)y when I was approximately her.You were saying? I pretended to growl.That you ar a very(prenominal), very terrifying colossus, her voice was sagging with sarcasm charge the st bloodlines her heavy panting.Much better, I agreed.She breasted up at me , til pre displacely a little jarred by my sudden movement, Um she paused and move to struggle, Can I crush up now? she asked.What the conflagration was that reverberate? Jasper asked Alice.Ha-ha. Edward is wrestling with Bella. Alice answered cheerily.Oh my, Jasper began cerebration, entirely his images dour frenzied.I began laughing at Bella and Jaspers now frantic opinions.Can we shape up in? Alice asked from the house.Bella go along to struggle in my arms notwithstanding I refused to completelyow her go. I repositioned her so she was on my lap. I could feel the fanaticism of Bellas contrast as it raced up her cases when she realisticized that Alice and Jasper were in the entry itinerary.Go ahead, I barked a laugh.How hind endister he complicate that close to her? It poorly blows my hypothecateer, Jasper was panicking mentally.Jasper had a strong belief that macrocosm this close to a kind was impossible without feeding. His belief was now macrocosm thrown out the traceow.Alices panoramas were sound a sing of approval. She was radiating with glee as she go fluidly into the room, dropping to the landed estate and crossing her legs with a gleaming grimace across her font.Jasper keep to stay in the front gear step way. His sentiments were shut aside fanati adverty stunned.It sounded a the handle you were having Bella for lunch, and we came to condition if you would sh be, Alice utter tour she failed extravagantly at laborious to suppress laughter.Bella stiffened like a board in my arms provided met her gaze unflinchingly and I couldnt help precisely grin at two of them. When Bella sawing machine my demonstrate she relaxed. I looked at Alice and answered clog playfully, Sorry, I dont believe I surrender enough to sp atomic number 18.I tightened my arms near her. Her heart was still humming chop-chop and her blush was still pronounced on her cheeks. Jasper in the end got his thoughts out of a tan gle as the mood of the room in the long run nominate him.Wow, Ive n of all time felt Edward feel sohappyandin passion. A smile spread across Jaspers await automatically at the temperateness in the room. Actually, Alice says theres sack to be a real storm tonight, and Emmett wishs to play puffiness. ar you game? he asked small-arm walking into the room.Playing nut case did sound fun. I knew Emmett would be thoroughly pissed if I didnt introduce up this epoch. I remembered the vampires that atomic number 18 visiting in the area and without thinking almost it I looked at Bella and realized I would never quit her for a moment with those creatures at large. Before I could respond Alice chimed in, Of line of merchandise you should peck Bella.What? Jasper looked mildly surprised and displace Alice a warm look exclusively sullen seat so quickly I wasnt sure enough if Bella caught it. Once again I had to re read/write head myself that it was always her choice, Do yo u want to go? I asked as excitement burst through me.She looked at me and without hesitating she utter, Sure. Um, where are we passing?This is red to be so oer overmuch fun Alices thoughts flitted through my mind.I cant believe this. Oh well this should beinteresting. Jasper thought spell curiosity was allow foring inside him.We break to conceal for holler to play nut ?C youll c at onceive why, I smiled at her.A sign of nervousness was evident on her face when she bit her allplaceturn brim. She didnt realize she was doing it when she looked at me and asked anxiously, Will Ineed an umbrella?We all started laughing notwithstanding I was relieved because I was in the end aware of what her sudden apprehensiveness was.Will she? Jasper asked with a most peculiar expression.No. The storm will build over town. It should be dry enough in the runing. Alice utter while the vision of the clearing ran through her head.Jasper was so full of cheer and joyfulness from the situ ation happening in the room that he couldnt occupy his smile, Good, then, he exclaimed.Being around Alice was always a little opposed because I was constantly collide withing the future. This time it was save the flood tide exquisites vent through her mind. I saw her red ink to Carlisle and asking about play being ball.Lets go see if Carlisle will come, Alice jumped finish glum the make and headed toward the limen with a wink in Jaspers direction.Like you dont know, Jasper teased.Jasper closed the door hindquarters him, perplex fun bro.Bella turned in my lap, her heart fluttering at our closeness, What will we be play? she wondered.I laughed at the thought of allowting her hold a cricket skim, or worse, let her try to hit a ball with a bat.You will be projecting, I clarified, We will be playing baseball game, I explained.She rolled her look at me, Vampires like baseball? she asked in disbelief.Its the American pastime, I say in mock seriousness. almost very a nnoying sound was in my ear. I was driving drop Bellas street when little droplets of precipitate began splattering onto the rustleshield. That was non what was some(prenominal)ering me. Billy portentous was waiting for Charlie in his driveway so he could tattle record like a little kid on Bellas new install relationship with me.Damn Quileute legends, I muttered so low that Bella couldnt hear me.Jacob and his experience were fetching shelter on Bellas front porch and I was instantly tense.Cant she secern there is something wrongly with that kid? His cold white skin, his aversion to the insolateI will settle this though. Charlie will listen to me and wring her to step slash seeing the Cullen kid. Billy Black thought with a sneer and a curse in for each one thought with my name.Charlie isnt even here, why are we waiting here in the rain like idiots? Jacob thought until he saw Bella, Oh, wellmaybe this wasnt a wasted trip aft(prenominal) all.I had heard enough. The th oughts radiating off of them were about to drive me to let the monster free. I couldnt let that happen when Bella was around.This is crossing the line, I said vehemently.Bellas look found mine and they were sick. He came to warn Charlie? she asked horrify.I gave her a grave look and nodded. I turned toward Billy then and I was seeing red. My eyeball were narrowed into tiny slits. I can undecomposed substantiate out of the car and s portion out them off. Or maybe I couldLet me deal with this, Bella interrupted my internal rage.I didnt want to let her cash in ones chips my side. To think of the things she was going to hear from Billys mouth. His thoughts continued to get snippier and nastier each time he glared in my direction. I knew if I left the fomite now and released my anger that I would lose Bella, so I quickly agreed, Thats probably best. Be tuitionful, though. The child has no idea.Jacob is not that much jr. than I am, she reminded me crisply.I turned my gaze on her b ecause she pulled me from my anger. She always knew but what to say to calm my nerves and bring me lynchpin to earth. I grinned at her, Oh, I know, I dated her.She looked exasperated. She reached for the door handle and sighed. I ask to trust here onward my temper came back.What the hell are they doing? What is taking so long? Billy thought angrily. astonish them inside so I can leave. Ill be back around dusk, I commanded.Her eyeball met mine again, Do you want my truck? she asked.Hasnt she learned better by now? I rolled my eye, I could walk home high-speed than this truck moves.A sad look entered her eyes, You dont stimulate to leave, she said longingly.She had no idea how difficult it was for me to leave while there were vampires lurking in the locality and the Blacks were here to cause trouble. I looked at her expression realizing she didnt want me to leave just as much as I didnt want to leave her. Actually, I do. After you get rid of them, I glared in the Blacks dire ction, you still have to prepare Charlie to meet your new boyfriend, a smile spread across my face.She groaned loudly, Thanks a lot.Her face was so adorable when she was overturn or angry. I couldnt help but smile at her. Ill be back before long, I promised.If she doesnt exit that truck in one minute I am going to go over there and produce sure she is okay, Billy swelled ominously.I turned my glare back in the direction of the porch at the last thought. I wanted to get to Billy just a little bit and Jacob likewise. I leaned bug out and soft brought my lips to Bellas jaw. I kissed mildly and her heart jumped up in her chest. Her blood was pulsing quickly and the roll make me go wild. The kiss was all flames and electricity down my throat. When I moved outside from her, she looked towards the porch and could see the resembling thing I could. Billy had a death grip on his wheel c blur and his thoughts were in frantic disarray.Oh, how oh, level-headedness. I Well cruddy Bill ys thoughts were choked.Bella realized how panicked Billy was now and she was suddenly in a rush, Soon, she ordered while opening the door to the truck and stepping out into the rain.When the rain droplets ran down her face I could see them evaporate while the wind blew her rainy wrap in my direction. I gripped her steering wheel so tightly I almost stony-broke it off. She shut the door quickly and ran to the porch for protection from the rain.I obdurate to keep my attention on the Blacks and not on the way Bellas meander was covered in a pleasing sweetness.Hey, Billy. Hi, Jacob, Bella greeted them in a incredibly false pleased voice, Charlies gone for the twenty-four hours ?C I hope you havent been waiting long.Right, reclaim, I dont believe she is worried about our wait at all. Billy thought with disappointment sculpted in every sagging line of his face. Not long, Billy replied tediousy, I just wanted to bring this up, he pointed to a brown cover sack in his lap.I wonde r when Charlie will be home. I still cant believe what I saw in her truck. Billy thoughts continued to curse me.Thanks, Bella responded in a confused voice, Why dont you come in for a minute and dry off? she offered.She doesnt seem scared or nervousnot at all like she was just with a vampire. Billy was alight with a feverous fanatical burn.Bella open up the door and showed them in. Before the door was shut I was out of the truck and pelt through the woods. from each one step dragged as I was contemplating going back and scoping up Bella and runnel for it. The solo reason I didnt was because Billy was right about everything. She shouldnt be with me. She should realize the appalling creature that I am and run away screaming. alone she didnt she continued to pull herself ever juxtaposed to me and I allowed it. I embraced her and wanted her in my arms. The love I was olfactory modality for her was overwhelming. If anything were to happen to her I stopped running in the forest to pick up several un requisite tardily breaths. When the fear and anxiety finally alter I swiftly do my way back home.For the first time in ages Alice wasnt waiting for me at the porch steps Emmett was.Hey I heard that you and Bella are coming out to play ball tonight Emmett laughed loudly while his face twisted with glee.No, Bella will not be playing, I said with a grim smile.Oh, damn it. I was hoping to see Bella with a bat in her hand, Emmett smiled sinisterly.Please, like I would place a bat in her handsYeah, yeah I get it. You just dont understand how left(p) it is when she does something human, Emmett chortled a wild little laugh as he walked into the house.Alice walked over the threshold then, You know this is going to be a good game. in that respect will be a tie breaker. Do you remember what happened last time between Jasper and Emmett? Esme is going to have to come up with a better idea for tie breaking.I smiled at her, So are you pitching?Of course, you cant let Carli sle do it hes just not that good at pitching. Alice thought.We were both silent for a few moments and I could break up what let of confabulation Alice really wanted to cover, Go ahead, ask me, I suggested.When can I take Bella shopping? Please let me take her soon Have you seen the dreadful attire she was wearing? Just wait until you see what she is wearing tonight. Ugh Alice pouted.Well see, I replied.Fine, okay Want to throw the ball around? Alice asked, bored.Sure.Alice flew through the house, grabbed a baseball and flew to the backyard. I was al ensnare waiting for her. We threw the ball back and forth for several minutes until Jasper and Emmett came alfresco to join us. Emmett and Jasper decided that throwing the ball back and forth was boring and needed some spice.They began throwing the ball as far as they could to see who would be the first to not stumble it. This went on for several long minutes. I sit on the sess watching the sun slowly descending screwing the tre es. I got up in a hurry to pick Bella up.Take Emmetts landrover. Trust me. Alice sent a vision of us running through the forest, She would appreciate it if array of the way there wasnt on your back, she giggled.Hey, Emmett, Im taking your jeep, I cognizant him.Okay, bring it back in one piece, oh, and you better help Bella get into the Jeep. I wouldnt want to see her get scathe trying to get in it, Emmetts bellowing laugh echoed and reverberated off of the trees.Funny, I muttered.I could hear Charlie and Bellas conversation from a mile down the passage. I caught the very end of it. Bella had in make Charlie that we were going on a date and Charlie was having a hard time comprehending the match. Where is he taking you? he asked protectively.I could hear Bella groan loudly, I hope youre getting the Spanish Inquisition out of your system now. Were going to play baseball with his family, she explained.Baseball? Hum, maybe I had things all wrong with this Edward kid, Charlie mumbled in his thoughts, But, Bella, playing ball? A loud chuckle erupted from him. Youre playing baseball? he asked in disbelief.I was extremely pleased that she finally told Charlie the truth about our plans.Well, Ill probably watch most of the time, she responded. both of the time, I amended in my mind.You must really like this guy, Charlie observed suspiciously.I heard Bella sigh as I parked in the driveway. I heard the water going in the kitchen. Leave the dishes, I can do them tonight. You baby me too much, said Charlie.I promptly made my way to the front door and softly pressed the door bell. Bells began reverberance throughout the house. I heard Charlies footsteps followed by Bellas coming towards the door. He opened the door swiftly send their scent flying out into the rain. either particle of air around me began soaking up Bellas scent instantly. Charlies scent could have been non-existent compared to hers. I could almost fuck off her taste on the utter(a)(a) air.Come on in, Edward, Charlie greeted me.Bella exhaled a large gust of air displace an another(prenominal) tantalizing scent ripping down my throat and sending my stomach into knots at the fragrance.Thanks, Chief Swan, I replied respectfully.Go ahead and call me Charlie. Here, Ill take your jacket, he reached for it.I pulled it off quickly and replied, Thanks, sir, before handing it over.Have a seat there, Edward, he ordered while pointing to the seat.I saw Bellas face in my peripheral vision and she looked like she was going to be sick with anxiety. I sat down in the barely c blur. Bella and Charlie sat on the sofa. Bella glared at me with her arms folded around her stomach. Her kittenish out-rage was comical at best and so I winked when Charlies back was turned. Her cheeks turned bright pinko in horror or embarrassment I wasnt sure.So I hear youre getting my girl to watch baseball, Charlie mused.Yes, sir, thats the plan, I answered courteously.Well, much originator to you, I guess, he sa id incredulously and we both broke into hooting laughs. profligate had boiled to the surface of Bellas face and rage flowed out of her mouth. She stood up, Okay. Enough gratify at my expense. Lets go, she ordered.I waited for Charlie to stand up and then followed him. We met Bella in the hall while she angrily pulled her jacket over her flannel shirt. I dont care what Alice said, the flannel looks pleasant on her. When she flipped her hair it sent a roam of her bouquet my direction and I inhaled dimly at the pleasurable disturb that was echoing in my throat.Not too late, Bell, Charlie instructed.Dont worry, Charlie, Ill have her home early, I promised.What he didnt know was that I would be staying the night in his daughters roomagain. Holding her tightly against my body and t go every line of her face, arms, and shoulders. I imagined her trembling under my run across when Charlie finally distracted me.You take care of my girl, all right? Charlie ordered and I could hear the men tal humming of his love for his only daughter spilling from his mind in large waves crashing into me all at once. I wondered briefly if this is what Jasper felt like when he draped someones mood.Bella groaned again but we both ignored her.Shell be safe with me, I promise, sir.There was no doubt that she would always be safe with me, that I would never let any harm come to her. Charlies thoughts became muffled like they did at times but I could still split that he believed me. I grabbed my jacket and watched Bella walk angrily down the hall. Bella, still in her kittenish rage, turned to look at me and then marched out of the house. Charlie and I both laughed and I followed her. When she reached the porch her jaw almost dropped to the background signal when she caught sight of the Jeep. Charlie came into scan of the Jeep too and whistled.Wear your seat taps, he stammered.Bella finally got her act together after taking in the whole jeep. Her eyes had roamed from the monster tires to the metal guards over the headlights and the crash bar. She stalked forward and I followed her, opening the passenger side door. I saw her look at the ground and then at the seat while her eyes slightly popped. She crouched like she was about to spring up into the seat. I sighed remembering Emmetts taunts and I cautiously grabbed her around the shank and lifted her into the Jeep with one hand. It was pouring down rain and her scent was teasing me by swirling around my thread and deep in my lungs as I inhaled.I walked around to the front of the Jeep while watching Bella struggle with the seat belt. I suppressed a chuckle. I opened the drivers side door and she looked at me confused, Whats all this? she asked pointing to the buckles.Its an off-roading harness.Oh-oh, she looked nervous.I watched her struggle some more, delighting in the blood flushing her face at her frustration. She wasnt going to give up the fight and I finally sighed, reaching over her to help. I brought the s eat belt over her neck caressing her lightly and brought my finger tips across her collarbone. Her hands went limp in her lap and her heart was like a humming birds wings. She began breathing heavily. The scent of her breath hit me like a ton of bricks, sweet and delicious. I pulled away once she was buckled. I did enjoy dazzeling her.I turned the key in the ignition and the engine roared the life. Bella was looking rather nervous. This is aumbig Jeep you have.Its Emmetts, I informed her, I didnt think youd want to run the whole way.She was still breathless, Where do you keep this thing?We remodeled one of the outbuildings into a garage, I explained.She looked at me with one eyebrow raised, Arent you going to endow on your seat belt?I threw her a disbelieving look. She was being ridiculous. She continued to stare at me and her look suddenly became horror struck, Run the whole way? As in, were still going to run part of the way? her voice rose wine a few intervals.I tested to ni x a grin from spreading across my face but it was a hopeless attempt. My lips turned up at the corners no matter how hard I tried to suppress it, Youre not going to run.Im going to be sick, she pulled her lips together tightly like she was preventing herself from getting sick right then.Again, I tried to prevent a smile from appearing and yet there it was.Keep your eyes closed, youll be fine.With her normal nervous gesture she began biting at her set out lip. When she did this it always made me a little anxious that she might hurt herself, but she never did. I watched her carefully as the panic was racing through her veins. Her pulse was hammering and her breath was heavy on the air. Her hair was slightly wet from the rain and I couldnt help it I brought my nose to her head and kissed her hair. A groan came out of my throat without my permission. I pulled away and she gave me a questioning look.You smell so good in the rain, I explained.I took more air into my lungs, a whirl wind of her warm scent swirled into them. I held it there for a succor before exhaling and doing it all over again reveling in her aroma.In a good way or a bad way? she gave me a furtive look.I sighed, Both, always both.Once our journey took us off the paved road and into the forest conversation became impossible for Bella because she was bouncing up and down. I corroborate I could see her eyes rattling around. I couldnt help but smile at her look. It was hilarious and no matter how hard I tried to hide my smile, it was brilliant and brightly plastered across my face. The end of the path loomed into view and we could no longer drive any farther. I stopped the Jeep turning the key as the engine became silent.Sorry, Bella, we have to go on foot from here, I explained.You know what? Ill just wait here, she answered sarcastically.What happened to all your courage? I asked with a smile, You were extraordinary this morning.Her face started wearing of all color, I havent forgotten last time yet.I wrenched the door open and hopped out of the Jeep and in less than a here and now I was on her side of the Jeep unbuckling her seat belt. She stared at me indignantly.Ill get those, you go on ahead, she protested.I finally unbuckled all of the straps and decided teasing was the best way to go, Hmmm, I mused, It seems Im going to have to tamper with your memory.I pulled her into my arms and sat her gently on the ground.Tamper with my memory? she asked anxiously.Something like that, I teased.It was no longer raining and the mist was falling into her hair sending the sweet seductive scent evaporating into every particle of air around us. I took in a unstinted amount of the air in between us. I decided a distraction was needed so I could get her into the clearing.She was leaning against the Jeep and I took devil hasty steps until I trapped her there by placing both of my hands on either side of her. I brought my body ever closer to hers. She backed away slightly but didnt seem to mind my closeness. Her warm body enveloped me as I brought my face ever closer to hers. I wanted to place my lips to hers. I was nervous to see what her response would be this time. straightaway, I breathed, what exactly are you worrying about?Well, um, strike a tree - she gulped, ?C and dying. And then getting sick.I remembered both times when she got sick at school and after running with me. I couldnt help but smile at the memories but quickly smoothed my face. I moved the few extra inches until her warm breath was now in my mouth. I brought my lips to the hollow at the base of her throat. I kissed lightly moving my nose under her jaw lightly.Are you still worried now? I breathed on her skin making her quaver in pleasure.Yes. her voice quivered in bliss, About hitting trees and getting sick. simply I wasnt distracting her enough though I was thoroughly distracted. I was euphoric. I trailed the tip of my nose up her throat and down her jaw line to the tip of her chin.And no w? I verbalise while breathing in her every breath.Trees, she inhaled, Motion sickness.I brought my lips to her eyes and kissed her eye lids, Bella, you dont really think I would hit a tree, do you?No, but I might, her reliance failing extravagantly.I began my journey to her mouth. I kissed slowly down her cheek let her skin warm them. I brought my lips to the corner of her mouth. Gently, I let my bottom lip softly brush against hers.Would I let a tree hurt you?My lips were barely touching her. A curious sense crawled up my throat. With every touch of our lips electricity shot through my body sending a joyous feeling through my veins. Her bottom lip was trembling in absolute pleasure. I took in several generous gulps of her breath.No, she breathed against my lips.You see, I said my lips touching hers as I spoke, Theres nobody to be afraid of, is there?No, she sighed and she became limp against the Jeep, giving up.I pulled her face into my hands a little rougher than usual and br ought my lips to hers barbarously. Our lips were moving together and we were both panting heavily at the sensations shooting through our bodies. She brought her arms around my neck bringing me closer to her. We embraced frantically while our bodies were welded together. My hands moved eagerly to her back bringing her closer to my chest while obedience her body against mine. She was quivering with delight as her lips parted slightly and she sighed heavily bringing her breath deep in my lungs. Excitement exploded in the pit of my stomach.I let go and staggered back several steps, flustered, realizing this was the only sensible course of action. I couldnt believe I let myself get so out of take in.Damn it, Bella I was gasping, Youll be the death of me, I swear you will.I watched as she leaned forward placing her hands on her knees and panting.Youre indestructible, she mumbled while continuing to breathe heavily.I was so angry at myself for letting it get that far. I monster inside m e wanted me to lose control and I couldnt let that happen.I might have believed that before I met you. Now lets get out of here before I do something really stupid, I growled.I pulled Bella onto my back while trying to be as gentle as possible. She secured herself to me by wrapping her legs around my waist and pulling her arms around my neck. The warmth rippled down my body.Dont impede to close your eyes, I reminded her.She lodged her face into my shoulder and it sent a flutter of electricity through me. I could feel her warm breath. I broke into a run and her pulse picked up, her heart beating out large palpitations.It only took a matter of minutes before we arrived just outside the clearing where my family was already preparing to play ball. Bella did not move as I stood there waiting for her to let go. I was terrified that she had opened her eyes and fallen sick like before. I reached behind me and ran my fingers through her dodgy hair gently.Its over, Bella, I said softly.She sighed in relief and she was suddenly no longer wrapped around me. I heard a pulpous noise that was followed by, OhI turned around swiftly worried she had hurt herself. I did the smallest of double takes before I saw her expression and the tension finally broke between us. Her face was screwed up in embarrassment. I was trying my hardest to hold in laughter but I was unable to. I barked out a laugh. Her expression had twisted into indignation and chagrin. She pushed herself off the ground while brushing dirt and bracken off of her backside. She turned, muttering silently, and marched off in the wrong direction.A smile was still on my face as I wrapped my arm around her waist. Where are you going, Bella?To watch a baseball game. You dont seem to be interested in playing anymore, but Im sure the others will have fun without you, she said bitterly.Youre going the wrong way, I said coolly.She turned on her heal with a firm and purposeful tread in the opposite direction. I shake my head back and forth at her and grabbed her around the waist a second time.Dont be mad, I couldnt help myself. You should have seen your face, I tried to explain but a chuckle broke through my composure.She looked at me haughtily. Oh, youre the only one whos allowed to get mad? she asked while raising her eyebrows.I paused for a moment and studied her face. I wasnt mad at you.Bella, youll be the death of me? she quoted crisply.That was simply a statement of fact, I said while still trying to hold in my amusement.She gave me a look of pure abhorrence and turned to stride away again. In a quick motion I pulled her to my chest. I couldnt take it if she left me now.You were mad, she persisted, her face stricken.Yes.But you just said ?C she began.That I wasnt mad at you. Cant you see that, Bella? I asked patiently. Dont you understand?I felt completely exasperated. She was so sweet, lovingfragile there was nothing she could do to make me upset at her.She pursed her lips. See what? she insist ed with a confused expression.Im never angry with you ?C how could I be? Brave, trustingwarm as you are, I explained.Then why? she asked softly.I analyzed her face, trying to read her mind once again. I reached the barrier I always did while trying to probe her mind, the gloss over persisted. She looked just as confused as ever. I sighed and pulled her delicate face in my cold palms. Her cheeks instantly warmed my whole body. I looked her corking in the eyes. I infuriate myself, I said quietly. The way I cant seem to keep from put downting you in danger. My very existence puts you at risk. Sometimes I truly hate myself. I should be stronger I should be able to ?CShe placed her warm palm over my mouth touching my lips softly. Dont.She stared into my eyes, the depth of her eyes were communicating with mine. I put my hand over hers and moved it to my cheek. The warmth radiated off of her skin and deep into my body. I felt the sudden urge to bring our lips together and tell her how m uch I loved her. The words were exiting my mouth before I made the decision to do so. I love you, I stated. Its a poor excuse for what Im doing, but its still true.Her face softened at my words. Now, please try to behave yourself, I pleaded as I slowly bent down and brushed my lips lightly across hers.She didnt move but her heart raced and she parted her lips with a sigh. I inhaled copious amounts of her breath into my lungs letting it send flames down my throat.You promised Chief Swan that you would have me home early, remember, she whispered against my lips. Wed better get going.My insides were twisting in pleasure at our touch but I finally got my act together.Yes maam, I replied while continuing to smile.I released all of her but her hand. I showed her the way through the forest. It was only a few feet until we reached the clearing. I was feeling radiant with glee. Esme, Rosalie and Emmett were sitting on a large rock. When they caught sight of us they all three rose. Alice and Jasper were in the distance throwing the ball back and forth and Carlisle was marking bases.Right on time Alice thought.Ill just hold my breath if she gets too close, Jasper contemplated.I thought I heard them, Esme thought while walking in our direction.Rosalie strode off in the other direction without a single glance behind her. Oh greatthe humans here, Rosalie sneered, alight with malice.Come on Jeez, not this again Emmett stared at the back of Rosalie as she marched away from us. Whatever, Im not missing this. Emmett followed behind Esme.Was that you we heard, Edward? Esme asked as she approached us.Yeah, that weird gurgling noise. It sounded like a bear choking. Emmett chortled.A small uncertain smile was on Bellas face. That was him.Oh, I see how it is, I thought internally. Bella was being unintentionally funny, I explained with a wide grin.Alice came running towards us. Five seconds, she thought as she stopped in front of us.Its time, she announced.Lightning flashed through the dark ambiguous sky while thunder rippled overhead shaking the ground around us. Bellas eyes grew wide in wonder.Her face is hilarious, Emmett thought. Eerie, isnt it? he winked at Bella hoping for her to make another human face.Lets go. Alice grabbed Emmetts hand and they speed swiftly away toward the field.Ill take care of her. Go play now, Esme vested.Excitement was flowing in my veins. It had been a long time since I had felt so light and buoyant. Are you ready for some ball? I asked eagerly.Her face showed a flow of awe, bewilderment, and perplexity at the game. She seemed extremely intimidated. Go team she said enthusiastically. A chuckle came through my lips as I fluffed her hair up in a frenzy and bounded after Alice and Emmett.Another crash of lightning sent a rumble of thunder through the earth at our feet. every last(predicate) the amazing feelings shooting through my body were making me exceedingly drunk with bliss. In this moment I felt like I had everything I c ould ever want. I flew past Alice and Emmett.Show off, Emmett thought.I just chuckled at his expression as I turned to run backwards, stopping in the outfield coterminous to Carlisle. I peered over Emmetts shoulder to see Esme and Bella walking toward the field. selfsame(prenominal) teams? Carlisle asked.Everyone nodded in agreement. My team members, Carlisle and Alice, left to go to their positions. Carlisle went to stand between first and second base while Alice went to the pitchers mound. I darted toward the outfield.Edward, you are such a gentleman, Esme commended.I hadnt been paying attention to their conversation and listened to the end of it as they finally reached the outside of the playing field.You dont mind, then? That Imall wrong for him? Bella asked Esme incredulously.Shes not all wrong for me, Im all wrong for her. I amended internally.No. Esme began. Id never want to take Bella away from Edward, I just couldnt imagine Youre what he wants. It will work out, somehow. H e needs to change her but I know if he never will, Esme was thinking wistfully.The ground shook downstairs us as thunder rumbled overhead.Get ready, Edward Emmett chortled internally. He was swinging the bat back and forth.Hell miss the first one, Alice snickered.All right, Esme called out. Batter up.Emmett raised his bat, ready to strike. Alice continued to snicker internally as she pictured Emmett missing the first pitch. She brought the ball to her waist. In a swift stealthy move she brought the ball into flight. It flew past Emmett at amazing speeds as Jasper caught it.Hes going to hit the contiguous one, Edward. Be prepared, though, there is a ninety-seven percent chance youll catch it. Alice mused in her mind.Jasper threw the ball back at Alice and she showed her gleaming teeth at him.Damn she is so attractive when she pitches, Jasper thought.I began ignoring Jaspers thoughts quickly after that. I didnt need to be distracted from the game. Alice brought the ball back to her waist. She threw it with great force again and I was prepared. Emmett hit the ball with such strength that the atomic number 13 smashed into the ball making a sound so fierce that it reverberated off the trees. It sounded just like the thunder. I caught a glimpse of Bella before I took off running. Her face looked stunned.The ball suddenly flew toward me at a ferocious velocity. It went whizzing by me at lethal speeds and I was afraid I wouldnt be able to catch it. Bella had distracted me with yet another one of her expressions. I hurtled through the woods, jumping over downed trees, hopping over rocks until I caught up with the ball. I put all my strength into my leap as I jumped and caught the ball while grabbing onto a branch and swinging down to the ground.With big speed I ran back to the clearing, ball raised high and a smile prominent on my face.Out Esme yelled to Emmetts disappointment.Dont worry, Ill get you back he threatened.Bella had a bewildered expression. I heard Esm e explaining what happened. Emmett hits the hardest, but Edward runs the fastest.Jasper was next to bat. He already knew that throwing one towards me would be a mistake and was going for a ground ball. He hit the ball and it bounced off the ground. Carlisle caught it and started running to beat Jasper to first base. They collided and sent another thunderous noise through the nights air.Bella was sitting on the grass and jumped up with a look of extend to on her face. I laughed harder than ever at her expression.Safe. Esme called out.We continued to play until the other team had three outs. We switched positions and I was at Bellas side in a quick motion that she almost didnt see.What do you think? I asked in excitement.One things for sure, Ill never be able to sit through dull old Major League Baseball again, she smiled widely.And it sounds like you did so much of that before, I laughed.The thrill of the game and the desire I felt when I was around Bella had me feeling high.I am a little disappointed, she said teasingly.Why? I asked, perplexed.Well, she grinned, it would be nice if I could find just one thing you didnt do better than everyone else on the planet.She thought I was better than everyone else on the planet. I was soaring. I didnt think anything could remove the smile that seemed to be permanently plastered on my face.Im going to have to have a talk with her about filling your head with non-sense, Emmett guffawed stupidly.Youre oozing love over here. Youre up lover boy, Jasper joked.Im up I told Bella while read/write head to the plate.We continued to play for several innings when several things happened simultaneously. I had bent down to get into the catching position, Carlisle had walked up to bat and Alice gasped in horror while she shrieked in alarm in her mind. I brought my eyes to hers as I saw what she was seeing. Terror rose inside me as a large dead weight fell through my chest and into my stomach. 3 vampires were running in our direction , curious about playing ball. The next serial publication of visions had me scrambling to Bellas side in terror.Edward, no Alice thought while her vision continued as one tall vampire caught Bellas scent on the wind and attacked. In her vision Bella didnt die because we prevented him from sucking her dry but she had been bitten. only if a part of a second had passed and I was at Bellas side.Get her out of here now Alice bellowed from her mind. My brain was in limbo because I saw the other outcomes too.Everyone was saying Alices name alarmingly in their heads but Esme was the first to break the silence. Alice? she asked, her voice strained.I didnt see ?C I couldnt tell, she mouthed almost soundlessly.I felt Bella tense up as everyone flew speedily to her side in protection. Bella knew she had to know. She was always so observant. Everyones thoughts were jumbled in confusedness and alarm. Panic burst inside me like poisonous gas.What is it, Alice? Carlisle asked in a business like tone.Its too late, Edward. Im tough. They were traveling much quicker than I thought. I can see I had the perspective wrong before, Alices eyes were blank yet horror struck.Theyll have to go through me before they get to Alice, Jasper thought protectively. He moved closer to her. What changed?She looked up at him in absolute horror. I could see how split second decisions were mending her visions. None of them looked promising. They heard us playing, and it changed their path, she explained with pure agony in her voice.Its my fault, she thought feebly.We all looked at Bella and saw that her face was shocked. Her heart drummed madly as she comprehended our words. I saw through seven pairs of eyes Bellas expressions from every angle. Each of their thoughts were ricocheting in my head. Was this the punishment I would suffer for being egoistical? Losing her? I cried internally. My heart was screaming in protest.How soon? Carlisle asked me.Alice was in a stunned stupor. I read through each line of her thoughts as they flitted across her mind. Less than five minutes. Theyre running ?C they want to play. I frowned at him.Take Bella and run Can you make it? Carlisle asked me nervously.I brought her scent into my lungs. It was just another reminder of how weak and fragile she was.No, not carrying ?C I cut short. Besides, the last thing we need is for them to catch the scent and start hunting.It was one of the more visions that had gone through Alices mind Bella being hunted. Each decision we made turned the outcome into something different. Some were more devastating than others. As soon as I decided it I saw the reaction of the vampires. They would hunt ?C we would lose. I couldnt run with her.This isnt good, Carlisle thought.All right, a fight Emmett exclaimed in his head, completely unperturbed. I glowered at him. He shrugged, Im sorry. I dont want them to hurt Bella any more than you do.How many? Emmett asked Alice.Three, she nip off in a muffled wail.Three Tha t will be too easy. Let them come. Emmett scoffed and began flexing his muscles.Everyones thoughts were in such a frantic state of mind I couldnt listen anymore. They were coming at me from all angles. Bellas name was coming up in every single thought. I began dissolving in misery. It was entirely fault.Lets just continue the game, Carlisle finally decided. Alice said they were simply curious.This is mistaken I cant believe this crapall for a human girl. Rosalie muttered reproachfully.Now that the decision is made what is the outcome? Carlisle asked me.I shrugged because there were too many situations where decisions have yet to be made. I knew my face was screwed up in concentration and I knew that worry lines were etched into every crease of my face. I could see myself perfectly in Carlisles mind as he stared at me.Everyone began walking out onto the field to continue the game. Their minds were somewhere else though.Forest is clear here, Emmett thought.I nodded in his direction. Esme grabbed my arms and pulled me just a few feet away from Bella. The short distance felt like miles. I was so horrified that I had brought her to danger. Anguish was ripping through my body. A knot formed in the pit of my stomach.Are they thirsty? Esme whispered.I shook my head.Thats good to hear. Esme was relieved.I headed back to Bella quickly. You catch, Esme. Ill call it now.I stood in front of Bella protectively. I would die to save her if I had to. She didnt deserve any fate but life. My insides were plummeting sickeningly with each aching second before the crimson eyed creatures were to come into view.I wont let anything happen to her, I swear. Alice tried to assure me.She had refused to go back onto the field, staying at Bellas side in a protective stance. I knew that in this moment Alice showed her loyalty to me. The space between her and Jasper made him relatively nervous and he, too, was staying closer to Alice because of the situation. Emmett and Rosalie were staying in the infield. Chaos was filling everyones minds around me.The wind blew across Bellas neck sending her sultry scent down my lungs. Take your hair down, I commanded.Her face looked positively terrified as she obediently slid her rubber band out of her hair and shook it out. She could tell that eminent danger was around the corner. The smell assaulted my lungs again.The others are coming now, she stated.I knew she could understand. Her knowing mind always amazed me. For a fleeting second I thought about what it would do to me if she were no longer around. pang ripped through my chest leaving large angry scratches.Yes, stay very still, keep quiet, and dont move from my side, please, I pleaded.The billowing wind blew her scent towards me again. Each time it was a reminder of how easily this could go wrong. The knot in my stomach tightened. I pulled her hair forward and tried to wrap it as closely to her neck as possible.EdwardEdward. Edward Alice was shouting my name from her head bu t I was too preoccupied to notice. That wont help, she whispered, I could smell her from across the field.I know, I said, frustrated.Bella was like a gazelle in a sea of lions.I didnt want to scare her but you wouldnt respond. Alice sighed in her thoughts.The rest of my family began playing baseball again. This time they were lightly bunting the ball and barely running at top speeds. We werent interested in the game anymore. The waves of terror continued emitting from everyones mind. I felt Bellas heat against me. She had moved within inches of my body. What did Esme ask you? she whispered.I wasnt going to tell her but I realized that I had too. I hesitated for only a second. Whether they were thirsty, I was thoroughly discomposed.This is the dumbest idea ever. I dont know what the hell Edward is thinking keeping her human. Grr. So frail andmortal. Rosalie wailed in a real temper.I ignored her because I was too busy looking for the minds of strangers in the forest.I wonder how many there are. An unknown voice flitted through my head.My eyes snapped up to the edge of the tree line. I couldnt believe I had put Bella in this kind of danger. I was constantly putting her in harms way. Im sorry Bella, I cried, It was stupid, irresponsible, to expose you like this. Im so sorry.I couldnt expect mildness because I didnt deserve it.This should be interesting. I heard an unfamiliar females mind.I heard them in the distance and so did the rest of my family. There was a quivering silence cutting through the air as my family peered out at the darkening forest in the direction of the coming doom. They were just lurking out of sight. I was convinced for a whole shining second that they had changed their minds until three dark figures emerged from the forest.

Role of Business Economic Development

Chapter 1 Introduction Page 1. 1 Background03 1. 2 pecuniary economical empyrean04 1. 3 Microfinance04 1. 4 Economy of Bangladesh05 1. 5 Objectives of the term paper06 Chapter- 2 Conceptual issues 2. 1 The groom manufacture of Bangladesh 06 2. 2 Agriculture07 2. 3 framework Sector08 2. 4 Manu incidenturing and application09 2. 5 Banking and Finance10 2. 6 statistical Position of Economy in Bangladesh 10 Chapter-3 Database 3. 1 Economic Transformation11 3. 2 Economic exploit12 Chapter 4 finding of The Study Page 4. 1 Garments & Textiles 12 4. 2 reel 16 4. 3 Frozen Foods 18 . 4 Leather 19 4. 5 Electronics 20 4. 6 Agriculture 21 4. 7 Information engineering science 24 4. 8 Pharmaceuticals 25 Chapter-5 Conclusion 5. 1 unofficial of major Findings 27 5. 2 Economic achievement 28 5. 3 polity Recommendation 28 Chapter 1 Introduction in that location is no denying the fact that the economical business celestial sphere plays a epoch-making manipulation in the economic de velopment of a rustic. The importance of an embody-efficient economic celestial sphere lies in the fact that, it check overs municipal help resources mobilization, generation of savings, and investments in harvest-tideive vault of heavens.In fact, it is the dust by which a commonwealths about profitable and efficient projects be systematic ally and continuously directed to the around productive sources of succeeding(a) exploitation. The financial system non hardly transfers funds from savers to investors it must be able to select projects which depart yield the naughtyest returns, accumulate sufficient quantities of smashing to fund the take to the woods of investment projects across economic activities, account for harm risks across assets, monitor performance, and enforce play contracts.The bigger the business firmament in the context of the everywhereall economy, the ampleer the sh argon of lending by sedimentation rather than central banks, and the greater the shargon of credit to individual(a) orbit rather than public celestial sphere, the greater is the rate of economic harvest- m. The state of matters economy is found on horticulture. Rice, jute, tea, sugarcane, tobacco, and wheat are the major produces. Bangladesh is the mankinds commodiousst introducer of jute. Fishing is excessively an of the essence(p) economic activity, and beef, dairy products, and poultry are similarly produced. . 1-Background Bangladesh, since its license in 1971, had to experience several(prenominal)(prenominal) military rules besides democratically elected g everyplacenment associated with major political assassinations. Regardless of all the arouse disputes, the country constantly pushed to achieve economic, social and developmental success done insertion and writ of execution of different policies during the ruling period of different elected authoritiess as puff up as at the time when the country was declared to be under the emergency rule.Bangladesh, named in the list of the developing nations, is blessed with several natural advantages over developed countries. Examples of such are bulky militia of oil, natural gas, coal, timber and the l mavensome(prenominal) natural port of the world that connects SAARC and ASEAN business hub together. The utilization of such natural assets are closed to zero. contrary donors are granting financial aids for reformation and infra social system development of the country. Loans are beingness interpreted on heavy interest, by GOB, from land Bank and Asiatic Development Bank for developmental purposes. 1. -Financial economic sector The financial sector consists of the central bank, Bangladesh Bank, 4 state owned commercial banks, 5 political relation-owned narrow (development) banks, 30 domestic privy commercial banks, 9 remote-owned commercial banks, and 29 NBFIs. In terms of both persis decenniumce assets and deposits, private commercial banks teachi ng the greatest merchandise share. Additionally, 298 micro credit organizations are licensed by the Micro credit Regulatory Authority (MRA). Insurance companies, stock exchanges, and conjunct banks comprise a smaller part of the financial system.As of August 2008 the make domestic assets of the countrys banking system were regard asd at BDT 1. 9 trillion ($28 billion). 1. 3- Microfinance The medium one-year growth rate in the microfinance sector in Bangladesh over the five course of instructions 20032008 was 23 share. It is anticipate to reach 25 per centum annually over the next triplet divisions (20092012) as a result of maturation rent for wallopingr loan sizes. Despite its significant outreach rated at 60 part of all East Pakistani householdsmicrofinance assets re principal(prenominal) less than 2 percent of gross domestic product, having amplificationd only marginally relative to gross domestic product since 2001.The resume loan portfolio of the microfinance sector is estimated to snuff it BDT 135 billion and total borrowers, to exceed 30 one gazillion one million million. Although it is difficult to estimate the funny fall of microfinance borrowers, taking into account their cross-indebtedness to different microfinance providers, they give carely number 18 million. It is estimated that just over 60 percent of them absorb income on a modester floor the poverty line. The Micro credit Regulatory Authority Act of 2006 limits both important potential MFI funding sources equity investments and deposits. unknown silver financing is also effectively prohibited. MFIs in general have access funding for most MFIs. These sources seem adequate to cover current funding needs. 1. 4- Economy of Bangladesh Bangladesh is an agriculture driven economy. Total of 54% of the population of the nation is directly and indirectly involved in farming and lives in rural areas (World Bank, 2011). imputable to spot fertility and ample supply of peein g, having the blessing of thousands of rivers and its branches zigzagging nationwide.Bangladesh can harvest tierce crops every year. Apart from the fact that cyclones and floodlights damage crops every year, the drudgery of crops meets veridical local anesthetic consumption demand but are not great(p) sufficiently enough for export purposes. Where both men and women are assiduous in generating foreign revenue and contributing to the gross domestic product. The three sector which contributes greatly to the economy of the nation is the export of manpower which brings remittances by Bangladeshi workers functional abroad, such as in shopping centre-East Singapore, Malaysia, etc.Due to cultural and religious norms, women previously stayed at bottom the compound of their houses and were liable to take kick of the house-hold activities, whereas men were regarded as the only prepareer and head of the family. CIA World Fact-Book, published in 2010, economy social system of Ba ngladesh is as fol small-scales- gross domestic product(PPP) $259. 30 jillion GDP Growth 6. 00% GDP(Per Capita) $1,700 Public Debt / internal Budget 39. 30% / $11. 43 Billion flash Rate 8. 10% trades $16. 24 Billion Imports $21. 34 Billion External Debts $24. 6 Billion Table-1 Economics Of Bangladesh (Source CIA World Factbook,2010) Released beat-up motif of World Bank, in 2007, estimated Bangladesh of comely a Middle income country. It has been suggested, to reach the goal, Bangladesh should emphasize to deepen its industrial base, desegregate more than(prenominal) into orbicular grocerys and prioritize urban economic development. The country has large reserves of natural gas, petroleum deposits and low-grade coal. All these minerals are idealistic and demanding in the global trade, specially for industrial and Energy-generation purposes.Cheap labor-force advantages make the local make Products passing competitive in global commercialises through FDI, introduced and encouraged first of all by the government formed in 1991. The major source of foreign earnings is being Transacted from adorns and cloths export and remittances sent home by Bangladeshi workers living abroad. 1. 5-Objectives of the term paper The broad objective of the believe is to show the reforms that took home plate in Bangladesh and to explore the financial implications of the reforms.Followings are the specific objectives of the study To review the economic sector reform programs To compare the financial performance of the economic system in Bangladesh sooner and after implementation of the economic sector reforms To identify different problem areas of the economic sector of Bangladesh, which relieve needed careful restructuring for better performance and To suggest some policy measures for strengthening the restructuring mechanism. Chapter- 2 Conceptual issues 2. 1 The garment labor of BangladeshThe garment perseverance has played a pioneering role in the deve lopment of industrial sector of Bangladesh. Though it took a rather late start i. e. , in 1976 but it soon get toed its reputation in the world market within a short span of time. Resultantly garment is immediately one of the main export items of the country. Besides, enriching the countrys economy it has played a very important role in alleviating unemployment. At record thither are more than two thousand one hundred garment factories in the country employing more than 12 lack labors. 85 percent of the labor force is women. . 2 Agriculture most Bangladeshis earn their living from agriculture. Although sieve and jute are the capital crops, maize and vegetables are assuming greater importance. Tea is boastful in the northeast. Because of Bangladeshs stiff soil and normally ample water supply, rice can be swelled and harvested three times a year in many areas. Population pressure continues to place a intemperate burden on productive efficacy, creating a nourishment deficit, curiously of wheat. Foreign assistance and commercial imports fill the gap, but seasonal worker hunger corpse a problem.Underemployment remains a serious problem, and a growing furbish up for Bangladeshs verdant sector will be its expertness to absorb excess manpower. Finding alternative sources of employment will continue to be a daunting problem Most Bangladeshis earn their living from agriculture. Although rice and jute are the primary crops, maize and vegetables are assuming greater importance. Tea is liberal in the northeast. Because of Bangladeshs fertile soil and normally ample water supply, rice can be heavy(a) and harvested three times a year in many areas.Due to a number of factors, These include better flood control and irrigation, a generally more efficient use of fertilizers, and the fundamental law of better distribution and rural credit webs. Population pressure continues to place a severe burden on productive capacity, creating a food deficit, especially of w heat. Foreign assistance and commercial imports fill the gap, but seasonal hunger remains a problem. Underemployment remains a serious problem, and a growing tinct for Bangladeshs agricultural sector will be its aptitude to absorb additional manpower. pic Map showing the growing areas of major agricultural products.Main article Agriculture of Bangladesh 2. 3 Textile sector Bangladeshs textile industry, which includes knitwear and ready-to-eat garments along with specialized textile products, is the nations number onexport earner, accounting for 80% of Bangladeshs exports of $15. 56 billion in 2009. Bangladesh is 2nd in world textile exports, and china which exported $120. 1 billion worth of textiles in 2009. The industry employs about 3. 5 million workers. Current exports have doubled since 2004. Wages in Bangladeshs textile industry were the lowest in the world as of 2010. picThe country was considered the most formidable rival to China where wages were rapidly rising and curr ency was appreciating. As of 2011 wages remained low for the 3 million people utilize in the industry, but labor unrest was increasing despite supple government action to enforce labor peace. Owners of textile firms and their political affiliate were a powerful political influence in Bangladesh. 2. 4 Manufacturing and industry Many new jobs mostly for women have been constructd by the countrys dynamic private ready- do garment industry. Eastern Bengal was known for its fine muslin and silk fabric before the British period.The dyes, narrative, and cloth were the envy of much of the pre- juvenile world. Bengali muslin, silk, and brocade were have on by the aristocracy of Asia and Europe. The introduction of machine-made textiles from Eng tear in the late ordinal century spelled doom for the costly and time-consuming hand loom process. cotton plant growing died out in East Bengal, and the textile industry became leechlike on imported train of thought. Those who had earned t heir living in the textile industry were forced to rely more completely on farming. Only the smallest vestiges of a once-thriving cottage industry survived. 2. 5 Banking & Finance The banking system dominates the financial sector accounting for about 97% of the market in terms of assets. * government has undertaken major reform initiatives to improve the regulatory and legal environments for banks. * Several specializer development financial institutions have been providing long-term debt, equity financing and leasing. pic 2. 6- Statistical Position of Economy in Bangladesh The Economy in 2009-2010 Currency Taka (Tk. GDP at current price Tk. 6,149,432 million Annual per Capita GDP Tk. 42,638 GDP growth rate at constant price 5. 88 percent Industrial growth rate at constant price 8. 05 percent Inflation rate 5. 4 percent enthronization rate 25. 6 percent of GDP National savings rate 30 percent of GDP exportations (US$) US$ 12,816. 11 million Foreign Reserve U S$ 6,562. 0 million (up to May 2008-2009 financial year) Import and Export lead Industries Jute, tea, textiles, garments, paper, newsprint, fertilizer, leather and leather gods, sugar, cement, fish processing, pharmaceutics, chemical industries, etc. Traditional Export Items Raw jute, jute manufactures (hessian sacking, carpet backing, carpets), jute products, tea, leather, leather products etc. Non-traditional Export Items Garments, wintery peewits, separate fish products, newsprint, paper, naphtha, furnace oil, urea, ceramic products, light engineering items etc. Principal Imports Wheat, oil, seeds, glaring petroleum, raw cotton, edible oil, petroleum products, fertilizer, cement, staple character references, Raw Cotton, iron & steel, with child(p) goods, pharmaceuticals raw materials etc. Chapter-3 Database 3. 1- Economic Transformation The Bangladeshi economy has shown great resilience in the face of the recent global economic crisis and corner and has continued to grow at a healthy rate. Since 1996, the economy has grown 5% 6% per year.Political instability, misfortunate infra social structure, corruption, insufficient power supplies, and slow implementation of economic reforms have not slowed down growth. Economists agree that the country has the potential to achieve a spicyer growth rate if these roadblocks are adequately addressed. More than half of GDP is generated through the service sector, but nearly two-thirds of Bangladeshis are employed in the agriculture sector. The share of agriculture in the labor force is 45%, in industry 30% and in run 25%. The share of the service sector in GDP is 52. 6% while industrys share is 28. % and agricultures 18. 7%. In 2009, garment exports, totaling $12. 3 billion and remittances from overseas Bangladeshis totaling $9. 7 billion accounted for almost 25% of GDP. The country was not completely resistive from the global economic downturn the principal adverse effect of the recession was a reduction in export revenue in 2009. It came on the back of a very high growth of 23% in 2008. However, overall exports declined by only 2. 0%. Despite recent high growth rates, socioeconomic development is still not favorable for the legal age of the population. 3. -Economic performance Bangladeshis have access to a water point. However, due to the breakthrough of arsenic in the ground water, only 76% of these can now be considered safe. In 2006, the enunciate Monitoring Program by WHO and UNICEF report that 51% of urban areas had improved sanitation facilities and only 7% of urban areas had sewerage connection. In addition, only 32% of the rural population was apply improved sanitation in 2006. Female economic activity accounts for 52. 7% of the economy, but females earn less than half the income of their male counterparts.The number of poor women is high than their male counterparts and the extremely poor is largely women, while at that place is a high proportion of a female-headed household than male-headed ones among the ultra-poor. However, the country has made significant progress in achieving gender parity in primary and secondary education. Rural areas still lack basic health care facilities and educational institutions. The number of health care facilities in rural areas has not grown as quickly as the number of education institutions, give thanks to the NGOs working in the education sector.Child underweight rates have hovered at about 46% since 2000. The total number of undernourished people in Bangladesh is approximately 41 million. Overall, according to the 2010 information, the HDI for Bangladesh was 0. 469 with a rank of 129 out of 168 countries. The 2005 data shows that the Gini index is 31. 0. Economic indicators 2007 2008 2009 2010 GDP $ mm 68415. 4 79554. 4 89359. 8 100357. 0 GDP growth % 6. 6. 2 5. 7 6. 1 Inflation (CPI) % 9. 1 8. 9 5. 4 8. 1 Unemployment % - Foreign direct % of GDP 1. 0 1. 3 0. 8 1. 0 investment Export growth % 13. 7. 0 0. 0 0. 9 Import growth % 16. 0 -2. 1 -2. 6 0. 7 Current account $ mm 856. 9 926. 2 3556. 1 2502. 4 bance Chapter 4 Finding of The Study 4. 1 preen AND TEXTILES The garments and textiles industry sector is the biggest export earner sector of Bangladesh with hold dear of over US$12. 347 billion of exports in 2008-2009. Our factories design and produce for the worlds leading brands and retailers, like Reebok, GAP, Wal-Mart, Hudson Bay, Puma, etc. This rapidly growing sector of the Bangladeshi economy offers a unique competitive edge that sustainments profitable elaborateness into new strategic markets. Year No. of garment Employment (in Export of RMG Total export of % of RMG to total factories million workers) (in million US$)Bangladesh (in millionexport US$) 2005-06 4,220 2. 2 7,900. 80 10,526. 16 75. 08 2006-07 4,490 2. 4 9,211. 23 12,177. 86 75. 64 2007-08 4,743 2. 8 10,699. 80 14,110. 80 75. 83 2008-09 4,825 3. 1 12,347. 7 15,565. 19 79. 33 SourceBangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA) Industry Background and Status The phenomenal growth in RMG was experienced in the concluding decade. In 1984-85, no of Garment factories was 800 RMG roastly with knitwear accounted for more than 70% of total investments in the manufacturing sector during the first half of the 1990s. At present with about 4,000 factories and a workforce of two million, 80% of which are women, employing over 50% of the industrial workforce and having 75% of the total exports earning of the country.Exhibit 6. 1 shows the growth of RMG exports from Bangladesh since 1981-82. Main apparel items exported from Bangladesh (in million US$) Year Shirt trouser Jacket T-shirt Sweater 2005-06 1,056. 69 2,165. 25 389. 52 1,781. 51 1,044. 01 2006-07 943. 44 2,201. 32 1,005. 06 2,208. 90 1,248. 09 2007-08 915. 6 2,512. 74 1,181. 52 2,765. 56 1,474. 09 2008-09 1000. 16 3,007. 29 1,299. 74 3,065. 86 1,858. 2 SourceBangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA) Industry Outlook Multi-Fiber Agreement (MFA) and Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) of the EU are the main factors behind acquainting Bangladesh RMG products to global market ensuring assured market access. Bangladesh is now a significant RMG supplier to North America and Europe. Due to phasing out of MFA, many are doubtful about Bangladeshs ability to maintain the fast growth of the recent years in this sector but Bangladesh has taken a better position in the U. S. A market through competition.However, on a more positive note, Bangladesh is expect to maintain its tariff-free access to EU under the European GSP, since the GSP is not cover by the Uruguay Round Agreement. Recently, Canada has also provided tariff-free access of all the items from Bangladesh. Marketing network has been spread over the economies of the continents. End users could well recognize and diffe rentiate the products confidently. Bangladesh RMG industry largely depends on the imported yarns and fabrics. Bangladesh produces only 10% of export- timberland cloth used by the garments industry.The need for establishment of retroflexed-linkage industry has become an immediate concern to the government and the exporters. There are enormous opportunities in setting up composite textiles industry combining textile, yarn and garments. Investment Opportunities and government support RMG and textile sectors have enormous investment opportunities. The government of Bangladesh has created a highly favorable policy framework for investment in these sectors offering investors the pursual choices 1) Establishment of new textile / RMG mill in the private sector. 2) Joint ventures with the existing textile / RMG mill. ) Acquisition of public sector textile move that are being privatized. 4) Indirect investment through financial services and / or leasing. To meet up the local demands, back ward linkage is a significant trading opportunity and is supported by a government backed incentive 15% cash subsidy of the fabric cost to exporters sourcing fabrics locally. * SPINNING Value Addition to the Fibrous Substances Spinning is the first flavour in textile value chain that adds value to the fibrous substances by converting them into yarn or thread through the processes of drawing, wind uping and winding (Exhibit 1).Characteristics of the yarn vary based on the materials used, case length and alignment, quantity of fiber used and degree of twist. The earliest spinning probably involved simply twisting the fibers in the hand. Later, the use of a stick to help twist the fiber was introduced. Drop spinning involves the use of a stick with a whorl or weight to stabilize the spinning of the stick (called a spindle). The spindle is spun, and hangs supported by the yarn as more fiber is introduced. This introduced fiber picks up the twist and becomes yarn. However, the develo pment of spinning wheel allowed a continuous and faster yarn production.Spinning wheels are either foot or hand powered. Modern powered spinning, master copyly done by water or steam power but now done by electricity, is vastly faster than hand spinning. Materials that can be used to create yarn fall into three broad classes plant, animal, and synthetic. 1) Plant materials cotton, flax (to produce linen), hemp, raffia, yucca, coco husk, 2) Animal materials wool, goat (angora or Cashmere goat), rabbit (angora), llama, alpaca, dog, camel, silk, 3) Synthetic materials polyester, nylon, rayon, acetate, Mylar 4) Apart from the above, mineral materials like asbestos are also used, but not very often. Spinning Industry in Bangladesh Development of spinning industry in Bangladesh is intimately associated with the development of Textile and wearing (T&C) sector as a whole. power-driven modern textiles in Bengal were traced back to early twentieth century. Before 1947, modern textiles w ere only the composite textile mills having spinning and weaving facilities. Later, activities like specialized textile weaving, knitting and hosiery and dyeing-printing-finishing were added.During 1947, there were about 11 composite textile mills in Bangladesh (then East Pakistan) with 1. 1 million spindles and 2. 7 thousand looms. Spindles grew to 3. 2 million in 1956 but declined to 0. 8 million in 1972 as worn-out obsolete spindles went out of operation. In 1972, large-scale manufacturing units including textile mills were nationalized. After 1982, state-owned spinning mills were bit by bit denationalized. By 1999, spindles installed were 2. 8 million (2. 4 million in the private sector and 0. 4 million in the public sector) with an annual production capacity of 200 million kg.BOI sector Survey found that in 2004, about 3. 44 million spindles are producing 382 million kg of yarn for the textile industry (Exhibit 2). pic Challenges of and Supports to the Spinners The success of a robust textile sector largely depends upon an improved and reliable spinning sub-sector. If spinning sub-sector produces substandard / inferior yarn, its adverse effect persists right across the entire value chain. availableness of raw materials, transportation, port facilities and tariff rationalization are the key challenges to the spinners.The presidency has been supporting the spinners providing lower tariff for machinery spares and raw materials, cash incentives, reduced value rate, and inexpensive funding etc. Investment Outlook Textile & Clothing is the largest manufacturing sector of Bangladesh providing over 4 million jobs, accounting for 5% of GDP, 40% of manufacturing value addition and 75% of total foreign exchange earnings. The growing demands for yarn in the local market, relatively low cost of doing business, profitable incentive package, favorable investment policy regime etc are the main reasons for investment in this sustainable sector.Spinning could be ch osen. 4. 3 FROZEN FOODS The frozen foods export is the second largest export sector of the country. After some initial difficulties in terms of fictitious character achievement, exporters have earned credibility and trustiness in the global market. Assurance of reliable and continued product quality is a major challenge in this sector. Technology orientation, marketing perceptions, and quality improvement aspects invite foreign investment in this sector. The current challenges of multinational trading are largely dictated by price, quality, time and service.Industry placement Exporters have earned credibility and trustworthiness in the global market and are committed to maintaining a competitive advantage in product quality. Continuing investment in technology, marketing and quality remain at the forefront of the industries strategy to meet the challenges of planetary trade in price, quality, time and service. Industry Outlook Frozen food sub-sector has credible opportunities i n Middle East, EU and North American countries and Far Eastern countries. In 2004-05, total fish production was 2. 216 million careful tons of which 8. 2 metric . tons were shrimp. At present, there are 868 fish hatcheries and farm of which 218,000 hectors of shrimp farm. This export-oriented industry includes the following sub-sectors, which need proper attention for augmentation of production, get through foreign standard quality and export earnings. 1) Hatcheries, Sustainable aqua-culture technology. 2) Feed-meals plants, Processing unit for value-added products. 3) Investment in frozen food sector with new technology and equipment has a vast potential for growth. * LEATHER Industry SituationBangladesh leather industry is prevail substantially by the domestic investment which is mostly export-oriented. The leather includes some ready-made garments, although that aspect is continued mainly to a small export-trade in Italian-make garments for the US market. Footwear is more imp ortant in terms of value addition. This is the fast growing sector for leather products. Presently Bangladesh produces between 2 and 3 percent of the worlds leather market. Most of the blood base for this production is domestic which is estimated as comprising 1. 8 percent of the worlds cattle stock and 3. percent of the goat stock. The hides andskins (average annual fruit is 150 million sq. ft. ) have a good international reputation. Foreign direct investment in this sector along with the production of flagellation chemicals appears to be highly rewarding. Having the basic raw materials for leather goods as well as for the production of leather shoe, a large pool of low cost but trainable labor force together with tariff surrender facility to major importing countries under GSP coverage, Bangladesh can be a potential off shore location for leather and leather products manufacturing with low cost but high quality.In 2004-05 total export of leather goods was 220. 93 million US$ o n the another(prenominal) hand it is 257. 27 million US$ during 2005-06 FY. Industry Outlook Provision of newly announced infrastructural facilities through establishment of an integrated Leather Park and simultaneously, growth in the global demand, opportunities for investing in and setting up export-oriented leather industry in Bangladesh is definitely attractive. Foreign investors are welcome to capitalize on this opportunity. 4. 5 ELECTRONICS Industry Background The electronics industry in Bangladesh mostly produces consumer items.Home appliances like television, radio, VCD and CD players, refrigerator, air conditioners, oven, electronic fan, blenders etc. are being assembled to a large extent. To ensure the performance reliability, the key challenges in this sector are practiced assistance and proper technology orientation of the industry. Developing the significant capacity and skill in assembly and manufacture of a wide turn tail of electronic components and parts is curac ies. As yet, Bangladesh does not have any telecom equipment industry in the private sector.However, an urgent need for diversification and modernisation is felt among the existing entrepreneurs, government and professionals. judicature is keen to provide and ensure enabling assistance to the development of this sector. Industry Outlook and Opportunities Skilled, easily trainable and low-cost human resources are the main cost advantage of setting up electronic industry in Bangladesh. Growing domestic demand and international market access are some key attractive issues to the investors. In the economies like Malaysia, Singapore, Korea and Thailand, electronics contribute a major portion in the GDP.They are encouraging electronic industry to shift from low-end assembly operations with high import content of scuttlebutts to upstream higher- value-added activities. In this context, relocation, outward investment and joint venture with Bangladeshi companies could be gainful strategies . To capitalize on the comparative degree advantages, substantial foreign investment from those countries is highly encouraged. * AGRICULTURE Sector talllights Bangladesh has a tropical climate, a lot of fresh water, indeed a land interspersed with numerous rivers, fertile soil and possibility to cultivate crops round the year.So it is unique to supply raw materials for the agro-based industry. The abundance of natural resources available in Bangladesh supports a range of highly profitable investment opportunities in agribusiness. Over 90 varieties of vegetable are grown in Bangladesh, yet in this fertile land there is underutilization of the countrys agricultural capacity. This presents many opportunities for investors desire to export agricultural products, or to meet the rapidly growing local demand. Thriving in this sector arecanned juices,fruits, vegetables,dairy and poultry.The country offers 1) Huge supply of raw materials exists for the agribusiness industry. 2) A tropica l climate for all year growing, a lot of fresh water, indeed a land interspersed with numerous rivers, available land with fertile soil. 3) Government and NGOs have been conducting regular training programs to develop skillful manpower for agro-based industry. 4) Wide range of biodiversity exists for different crops. 5) Agricultural commodities have a comparatively higher value added than non-agricultural commodities.Investment opportunities There is a wide variety of investment opportunities including * Cold entrepot facilities serving the supply chain, especially fresh produce for export. * Fresh produce production for local and export markets. * Production of fertilizers and cultivation of seeds. * Eco-friendly jute production, supported by jute technology development institutes. * Shrimp farming, Halalfoods, Milk and dairy products. * High value-added foods for export, including herbs, spices, nuts and pulses.Industry Incentives The government encourages development of the agr icultural sector through measures to increase crop sector productivity and production of non-crop agriculture. To achieve this, the government provides change magnitude credit, and facilitates greater access to inputs and modern technology. Sector Background Being an agrarian economy, agriculture has dominated in the economy for years. It has fulfilled the preconditions of access to input and raw materials in setting up successful agro-based industries.Alluvial soil, a year-round frost-free environment, adequate water supply and abundance of cheap labor are available in Bangladesh. Increased cultivation of vegetables, spices and tropical fruits now grown in Bangladesh could supply raw materials to local agro-processing industries for both domestic and export markets. In 2005-06, Export of agricultural products accounted for about 1% of total export amounting US$ 76. 24 million. Industry Outlook To avail the competitive and comparative advantages, Bangladesh invites progressive agri cultural-practices, improved marketing technique and modern processing facilities.The government emphasizes development of the agricultural sector through appropriate measures to increase crop sector productivity and production of non-crop agriculture by providing increased credit, and facilitating greater access to inputs and modern technology. Investment interests in setting up agro-based industries in Bangladesh are highly encouraged. To promote agro-based industries and attract investment in this sector, get along of Investment organized Agri-Invest 2003 Bangladesh in December 2003.This first ever rendering created huge interest among the foreign and local investors. 4. 7 INFORMATION engineering science Sector Highlights 1) To investigate the IT industry robustly, deregulation of the telephone has been decided and penalize by mid-2003. 2) The extensive growth of mobile telephony resulted in significant opportunities. 3) The industry is at its introductory stage and has oppor tunity of capitalizing the potential. 4) Bangladesh has a well-educated, skilled, utilize and growing IT workforce. 5) There is a fast growing domestic market and export demand. ) Strong research assistance from the universities and research institutions are available. Industry Background Compared to the beside India, Pakistan and other South and South East Asiatic nations, Bangladesh is lagging behind in IT Sector. But it is true that the sector has vast potentiality to develop. Availability of substantial number of qualified and experienced unexampled people in various branches of engineering, science and technologies have opened up the scope of profitable investment in these sectors.Existing investment in IT sector is mainly small-scale and domestic in nature. Collaboration in the IT sector is mainly based on licensing agreements and representation. A growing number of computing machine training schools and institutes are being opened. Management of most of the IT firms is p rofessionally built with the Bangladeshis who have studied and worked in both North America and Europe, and returned home. The annual market size for IT including computer hardware, peripherals and software was estimated to be worth approximately US$ 20 million.The market is fast growing at an annual rate of about 25%. The country has over 400,000 PCs Submarine stemma Bangladesh has joined the consortium of SEA-ME-WE-4 submarine cable, which starts its commercial activities from 21st may, 2006. This will especially help prosperous data entry and software sectors. The get target of this cable is situated at Jhelong in Coxs bazaar. There are 14 countries of this consortium the countries are Singapore, Thailand, UAE, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, KSA, Egypt, Tunisia, Italy, Algeria and France.It has connected 16 telecommunication organizations of 14 countries. With the direct help from submarine cable Bangladesh can earn more foreign currency by increasing international interpretive program circuit (e. g. submarine cable will give support to establish 100,000 voice circuits. Voice and data communication will be faster. family has created capacity pool, which we can sell also can manage IRV. wide-cut band service, data transmission, call centre, software export will be cheaper. Unemployed youths can easily engage themselves in those services by taking short term training.Bangladesh has right to land 15 landing station without charge. It will help smoother operation of E-commerce, E-governance, E-education, Telemedicine etc. So, there are huge chances of development of ICT sector and finally government will be financially benefited. 4. 8 PHERMACEUTICALS 1) Pharmaceutical products have huge demand both in local and overseas market. 2) There are huge demand-supply gap in pharmaceutical products. 3) Bangladesh offers a good number of qualified, skilled pharmacists, bio-chemists, micro-biologists, and chemists for pharmaceutical industries. ) Governme nt offers support for importing raw materials for production. 5) Present Government has taken initiatives to modernize, expand and attract foreign investment in pharmaceutical industries, and for this adopted national medicine policy (revised) 2005, which will help to oblige with the changing world under WTO/TRIPS. pic Outlook Considering the overall demand, pharmaceuticals is one of the emerge sectors in Bangladesh. Government offers different incentives for importing raw materials pharmaceutical industries. This concomitant sector has huge potential of growth in the future.For sustainable return, pharmaceutical sector could be a rational choice. Chapter-5 Conclusion 5. 1 Summary of Major Findings The economic sector has tremendous impact on socio-economic structure of the country. It also brings economic prosperity for the any country. We believe that there must be a saturation point for any industry. But for our economic sector, still we are away from it. The economy is credib ly to grow at a similar pace as experienced over the last ten years of around 6. 2 percent in monetary 2009-10, despite the continued global economic slowdown, Bangladesh Bank said . Most indicators in the first quarter of monetary 2009-10 point to a more moderate level of economic expansion, the BB said in its latest every quarter review. The BB projection means that the growth is likely to fall short of the governments original target of 7. 2 percent GDP growth for the current fiscal year. Bangladesh Bank will produce forecasts for economic growth on a regular basis, in line with the common practice in other central banks across the world The significant remittance growth is likely to have positive consequences for both domestic consumption and investment .The third development centres around the healthy growth in private sector credit, which during the first quarter this year grew by 19. 9 percent against a target of 18. 4 percent. This suggests that the credit envelope will not be a constraint towards achieving the overall economic growth targets. Gross domestic agricultural production is expected to be 2. 2 percent higher than that of the previous year, of 65. 6 million tones, on the back of government incentives and higher agricultural credit disbursement. The industrial sector is projected to grow between 7. percent and 7. 75 percent in fiscal 2009-10, down from the 9. 47 percent seen last fiscal year, but in line with the average industry sector growth rate over the last ten years Economic growth was also steady in the outmatch year despite some clouds over export earning. The GDP (gross domestic product) growth was 6. 32 percent in FY 2009-10, which was marginally lower than the 6. 71 percent of the previous FY 2008-09, but higher than many other neighboring countries. The GDP for the current FY 2010-11 has been targeted at 7. 2 percent. 5. 2 Economic Performance A steady average annual GDP growth of 5% over the last decade. * Inflation has been kept in single-digit. * Exports have been gradually shifted from traditional goods to more value added items. * Emphasis has been put on manufacturing of backward linkage of Readymade Garments, Pharmaceuticals Industries and IT sector. * The private sector is playing an increasingly active role in the economic life of the country, while the public sector concentrates more on the physical, social infrastructure and policy making. 5. 3 Policy RecommendationThe restructuring measures taken so far are definitely not sufficient considering the temperance of the situation. Based on the above discussion the following steps may need to be taken as reform or restructuring measures to upper berth up the progress The problem of excess liquid asset of the banks should be handled with due attention. In order to utilize the excess liquidity A number of measures were taken to strengthen the legal framework. However, in order to attain the benefit of improved legal framework, enforcement of leg islations should be ensured.Legal procedures should be uncomplicated and brass of case should be speedier. Government interference, political involvement, pressure from the trade unions has to be reduced for the smooth function. For developing the asset utilization ratio, portfolio of asset structure should be rearranged by removing the non-earning assets or transforming the non-earning assets into earning one. Technological up-gradation of the banking system is needed furnished with state-of-the-art infrastructure and logistics. Lastly, the problem of Bangladesh financial system is widespread and not related to banking system only. Therefore the scope of the reform measures should also be applied to the non-bank financial institutions. Reference list * Released beat-up report of World Bank, in 2007, estimated Bangladesh. * Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA) * Bangladesh Export statistics 2009-10, Dhaka, Bangladesh. * A report of Garments publish ed in the magazine, April 2008. * Economic Review 2010 * Review of Bangladesh Development 2009 * A report of economics published in the magazine, April 2011